Being Black Means Being Underestimated - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1536 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Citizenship Essay Did you like this example? We always have the least amount of faith put in us as if we arent capable of making great accomplishments. Being black means facing many challenges and obstacles that white Americans normally wouldnt face. Sometimes we have a harder time getting our foot in the door for certain positions because we are of color. This makes us go even harder in life to achieve success. Being black means being bold, dominant, and prosperous. No matter what we go through we find a way to get things done. Have African-Americans truly received the full rights of citizenship? What is citizenship? Citizenship means having the position of status of being a citizen of a particular country. Most African-Americans may agree that they never actually received the full rights of citizenship. To gain citizenship in America today, people have to undergo an extensive process. This process includes interviews, examinations, and other things required so see if a person is eligible for citizenship in the United States. However, African-Americans had a difficult process in order to gain their citizenship. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Being Black Means Being Underestimated" essay for you Create order The fight for citizenship all started around the time of slavery when African-Americans were captured and sold as property to be used as slaves for plantation owners. From that very moment African-Americans didnt have any rights and were referred to as less than human. They didnt even get a chance to fight for their equality in America. Some slaves decided to rebel by running away and some slaves tried to outsmart their oppressors by learning as much as they could about them. African-Americans who ran away made things a lot harder for other slaves as well as themselves. At that time Americans knew land more than the slaves, and the slaves were illiterate, with no education so most slaves ended up getting caught. Some slaves managed to make it to a free state but by that time the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 had been passed. This bill had 10 sections that went in depth about the consequences and penalties slaves would receive if they were caught in a free state. This act forced slaves t o be returned to their owners if found, so that made all federal officials responsible for keeping the act in place. In 1852 Frederick Douglass, a slavery abolitionist delivered a speech talking about what the 4th of July means for the African-American people. Its ironic how he has to give his speech to citizens of America while he is enslaved. In this speech he explained how he heard the mournful wail of millions over the citizens national, tumultuous joy. He justifies how slaves are actually human also, and how America is treating the people of color unfairly. He tries to get citizens to see how they are wrong by treating slaves as property even though they are all human beings. Frederick Douglass continues to go in depth about the wrongful treatments of African-Americans, and how the 4th of July may be celebrated by citizens, but mourned upon by slaves because they dont have citizenship in this country and they were taken away from their lives to be treated as animals in the nation. This speech helps you understand the hardships slaves are going through and possibly could have made some America ns think twice about how they are treating their slaves. The Civil War also played a huge part in the road to gaining partial citizenship. This war is one of the most historical wars known to mankind to this day. This war was caused for many reasons. Some of these reasons are slavery, succession, expansion, and Bleeding Kansas. All of these played a huge part in starting the war. When it came down to slavery, the southern states needed slavery because that was their way of being economically stable and being able to produce and grow and a whole. Their way of providing resources was from slaves working in the field picking crops and other farming practices. However Northern states relied more on industry machines, and they didnt need slave labor to keep their economy stable. This started a conflict because the northern didnt need slaves, but the south were so use to them that they thought they wouldnt be able to succeed without their slaves. The South wanted to succeed from the United States when Abraham Lincoln became the president. They felt this way because Abraham Lincoln was against slavery and had views on emancipating the slaves and since he was becoming the president, he would more than likely be able to make that happen so the South didnt want to be on his side. As stated in the article, Bleeding Kansas was the first fight to take place over slavery. This was caused mainly because the government passed the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which allowed residents to vote on whether or not Kansas would be a slave state or free state. These all contributed to the start of the war including other reasons not stated. During this war, 3 very important amendments was passed. The 13th Amendment abolished slavery, the 14th Amendment allowed citizenship, and the 15th Amendment gave African-American men the right to vote. These amendments were passed but it wasnt easy. This time in history was very important regarding gaining citizenship in America. African-Americans made a bold move volunteering and signing up for the war draft. This itself, could have showed the nation an act of nationality stating that even though they were treated as less, they were ready to fight for their country. For the first year and a half African-Americans were excluded from the Union Army. They later accepted African-Americans to join the Union Army. Even southern slaves wanted to join the Union Army however, their purpose for fighting was for freedom. They didnt want to show nationalism or patriotism, they just wanted to fight for a side that would not let them be enslaved any longer. Some slaves still fought for the southern states, maybe they were content with their condition, but the government most likely forced them against their will. The blacks became the topic of discussion politically and economically. The topic of discussion in the African-American society was why should our people fight their war, and why are we trying to help the people who dont want to help us? At this time the amendments havent been passed yet, so were African-Americans fighting for America or for their citizenship. They were smart because in a sense, they were fighting for both. While they were fighting for America, they were also fighting to show their nationalism towards America, and maybe that would have an impact on them gaining citizenship an d being citizens of the country. The government still treated African-Americans bad. In 1857, there was the Dred Scott v. Sanford Case, where the Supreme Court had ruled that black werent citizens of the United States. This probably killed the hope of the African-American community and also caused some confusion. Were free blacks technically citizens? Even though they didnt have the same rights as citizens they werent slaves so could they pass as a citizen or were they just free? The case never really went in depth about citizenship for free blacks, so people probably assumed they still didnt have their citizenship rights. There were also cartoons that made that depicted scenarios that was going on during the time. One cartoon that was made during the time that Blacks couldnt join the war was called Vanity Fair. This cartoon showed how white military men were marching by an African-American who was grinning because he knew he couldnt be drafted, and the Union wasnt accepting black volunteers at the time neither. It was ironic how he seemed happy that he wasnt eligible to participate in the war and he could just go on about his day. This could also be a concern dealing with citizenship. If you are a citizen of the United States, do they have the right to just draft you into the military? What about your personal life, and family? There were times in history that Blacks, or Americans in general would just be drafted if they met the requirements. This is wrong, and it forces you to do something that you cant even decide for yourself if you want to do it or not. The government sometimes goes too far and t akes advantage of the power that they have. Abraham Lincoln was a legendary figure during this time. His perspective on slavery had a great effect on the nation. Frederick Douglass and many southerners supported Abraham Lincoln campaign, and when he was elected as president in 1860, it gave hope to America. He stood firm on his beliefs and was able abolish slavery and also issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863. This stated that all persons held as slaves are, and henceforward shall be free. At this time Around 1865 Black Codes were put in place which restricted the rights of black citizens to own property, to engage in occupations, and to testify in court. This was extremely wrong. Our people were basically being treated like animals, and we didnt have any equality. The government had also put strict labor requirements on us that put us in a bad position if we broke the contract.

Public Opinion And The Death Penalty - 1324 Words

Diana, Tina (2011) article entitled Public Opinion and the Death Penalty: A qualitative Approach, Political leaders, judges, criminal justice administrators, and citizen Groups support the capital punishment. Bohm (2003) argues that the public supports the death penalty because it contributes in five ways. First, if the public supports the legislators, he/she can vote in favor of the death penalty and of course against any statutes that are looking for its repeal. Second, Bohm argues that the prosecutors always seek the death penalty for political instead of legal purposes. Third, it influences the judges to force the death penalty instead of death sentences on appeal. The government since they are fear of risking re-election they may be less likely to veto death penalty, and fifth, Bohm (2003) argues that the supreme court both state and federal, study how support the death penalty as a measure of â€Å"evolving standards of decency† and if the capital punishment violates the US Constitution’s Amendment. Author stated that Political leaders, judges, criminal justice administrators, and citizen groups support the capital punishment are in favor of the death Penalty because it contribute in favor of their elections, which take me to think that they really don t care about someone s life, they are only care about their own goods, leaving the rest of the world thinking about who are the real criminals. Methodology Morgan (1998)Show MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty : A Multi Level Analysis Of Public Opinion1179 Words   |  5 PagesIn society, the death penalty is used to punish those who had committed certain types of crimes. Over the years, the percentage of US citizens supporting the death penalty has decrease, however Proximally 64%-70% of the population still support it. The majority of the polls created to evaluate the opinion of citizens on the death penalty use simple questions to address the issue. Those questions separate people into those against it and those supporting it. The death penalty opinion is more complexRead MoreCase Study: Gregg vs. Georgia Death Penalty1141 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Running Head: GREGG V. GEORGIA DEATH PENALTY -1976 1 Gregg v. Georgia Death Penalty 1976 [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institution] [Date of Submission] Table of Contents Introduction 3 Discussion 3 Legal Subculture 3 Judicial Background 4 Political Party Affiliation 4 Public Opinion 5 Politics 5 Conclusion 6 Gregg v. Georgia Death Penalty - 1976 Introduction At least as early as the year of 1735, since colonial times, capital punishment was employed by Georgia withRead MoreThe Death Penalty Doesnt Deter Crime Essay examples1065 Words   |  5 Pages I would characterize the public opinion on the death penalty as being an uninformed opinion. More people are in favor of the death penalty, now then back a few decades ago. People are not well informed on the statistics of the death penalty, like the number of prisoners, or the racial discrimination etc. I think that if more people were informed that some opinions would be changed. It has been shown that men over women, whites over blacks, and Republicans over Democrats, conservativesRead MoreCapital Punishment Was Abolished By Harold Wilson1184 Words   |  5 Pagesreinstatement of the death penalty in the UK.(BBC NEWS, 2011) reports that the Conservative party MP calls for submission on capital punishment in the UK. The Brigg and Goole MP â€Å"is one of a number of Tory backbenchers calling for a commons debate of the return of capital punishment.†(BBC NEWS, 5th August 2011) Currently, Paul Staines, who writes the Guido Fawkes ‘ calls for the death to be brought back for child and police officer murderers,† he carried out a public opinion poll, which recommendsRead MoreCapital Punishment Is Abolished By Harold Wilsons Labour Government1186 Words   |  5 Pagesreinstatement of the death penalty in the UK.(BBC NEWS, 2011) reports that the conservative party MP calls for submission on capital punishment in the UK. The Brigg and Goole M P â€Å"is one of a number of Tory backbenchers calling for a commons debate of the return of capital punishment.†(BBC NEWS, 5th August 2011) Currently, Paul Staines, who writes the Guido Fawkes ‘ calls for the death to be brought back for child and police officer murderers,† he carried out a public opinion poll, which recommendsRead MoreBureau Of Justice Statistics : The United States Primary Source For Criminal Justice1439 Words   |  6 Pagestopic as the site have information such as information on executions, trends, clear definition, and time between imposition of death sentence and execution. The site was revised the same date of access, therefore the information is up to date and would be useful. Death Penalty: Pros and Cons ProCon.org. n.p.13 Apr. 2009. Web. 25 Nov. 2014. ProCon.org is a nonprofit public charity. It provides resources for critical thinking without bias. The information in the site is balanced, comprehensive, straightforwardRead MoreAn Examination of Capital Punishment Essay1389 Words   |  6 PagesCapital punishment also known as the death penalty is when a person who has been convicted by the court of law can be sentenced to death. This occurs when a defendant is being tried with a criminal offense; such as the conscious murder of a peace officer on active duty, or a federal agent. This punishment has been a constant debate throughout our history. People claim it to be unjust or a cruel and unusual punishment, while another part of our population claims that this consequence is not used enoughRead MoreEssay on Summary: the Changing Nature of Death Penalty Debates.894 Words   |  4 Pageshow the death penalty argument has changed in the last 25 years in the United States. They examine six specific issues: deterrence, incapacitation, caprice and bias, cost innocence and retribution; and how public opinion has change regarding these issues. They argue that social science research is changing the way Americans view the death penalty and suggest that Americans are moving toward an eventual abolition of the death penalty. The authors describe the history of the death penalty statuesRead MoreThe Death Penalty And Capital Punishment931 Words   |  4 Pageswritten down (Robert). The death penalty was applied for a particularly wide range of crimes. The Romans also used death penalty for a wide range of offenses. Historically, the death sentence was often handled with torture, and executions, except that it was done in public. In this century, the death penalty, execution or capital punishment, whatever you’d like to refer it as, is the result for committing capital crimes or capital offences and it is not in public. The death penalty has been practiced byRead MorePublicizing Execution of the Death Penalty Essay1039 Words   |  5 Pagesof doing so is not. In fact, there is a wide variety of opinion on the single issue of publicizing execution. For example, Even though Sister Helen Prejean, a spiritual advisor who worked with death row inmates wrote the deeply moving novel Dead Man Walking, her ideas to make a difference may be impractical wishes to others. In addition, Prejean finds the moral cost of death penalty too damaging to tolerate, and thus she believes those death row inmates who have died a thousand times already deserve

Complete lives Free Essays

The Complete Lives System The allocation of healthcare has always been a huge issue in our society and the principles to allocate this resource also has come under fire. In the past it has always been â€Å"first come first serve† basis. Whether or not this approach is ethical is another question, but is it practical. We will write a custom essay sample on Complete lives or any similar topic only for you Order Now The authors of â€Å"Principles for allocation of scarce medical interventions† have discussed a new approach called the Complete Lives System. The complete lives system posses five principles for allocation that Include: ingest first, prognosis, save the most lives, lottery, and Instrumental value (Principles 6). The priority of this system Is to lad those who have not yet lived a complete life and will not be able to do so unless they get the aid necessary. This idea also considers many ethical factors such as saving the most lives possible, as well as a lottery, which takes into account the little information needed for recipients. While this system is not practical for an entire economy at this point, it is a step closer to determining an appropriate approach to our health care system. The Complete Lives System is an ethically Justified and practical approach to health care because; it takes into account various practical approaches to healthcare, and it focuses on those able and capable to live a complete life with the public resources that they have used in the past. The Complete Lives system takes into account a variety of different principles used around the world. As stated before, the core principle Is youngest first. The system focuses on â€Å"youngest first† by giving the priority to those between the ages of 15 and 40. The mall reason why this first approach Is ethically Justified Is that adolescents eve received substantial education and parental care, and these investments would be wasted without a chance at a complete life (Principles 6). These resources primarily schooling would be a waste if without aid necessary. Infants have not received this benefit so they should not be considered a factor for instrumental value. They are also unable and incapable forming long term plans and values that some have already received before they turn 18. While alone this principle is impractical, the combination of prognosis and instrumental values makes this model ethically sound. Demand will always be larger than supply In the healthcare system it is almost an Inevitable factor when determining a correct model. The argument of which healthcare model should be used Is focused around who will receive the appropriate care, and who will be left out. The abandonment of the â€Å"sickest first† Is ethically Justified based on the principle of prognosis. Factoring prognosis Into the model takes into account that large amounts of resources will not be use the majority of resources to those that can benefit the most? I believe so, and the tutors of this article also agree. If the care given to those terminally ill only give benefits of a couple of weeks or a few months compared to multiple years for those that are better off, it is hard to not see this as an ethically Justified model. As I said before not every person is able to reap equal benefits of the healthcare system, no country possesses the resources capable of achieving this utopia. The most practical method is providing aid to those that can reap the most benefit from the care. Objections to the Complete Lives System is said to discriminate against older people. Everyone was once the age of 25 and able to seek the benefits of the system but why now that they are 65 that they cannot? Some tend to say that this is discrimination and â€Å"ageist†. The system was designed to give each person an equal responsibility of living a complete life, which has been accomplished at the age of 65. They have already had the chance to live a complete life and reap the benefits designed by society such as education e. T. C. When the system is maximized, it is designed to offer the greatest benefit to those that need it. An adolescent offers more infinite to society in the future then an elderly one would. As an economics major I have always thought to look at decisions based on the opportunity cost, or the cost associated with an alternative decision that is forgone. What would be the opportunity cost of choosing to extend an elder life potentially 10 years, over an adolescent for maybe 50-60? Obviously it depends on the specific person but the benefit to society by one living another 50 years triumphs one that only has a few left. If the United States would switch to the Complete Lives system then my current enervation would benefit greatly from this change. We would be able to look forward to the high possibly of benefiting from a â€Å"complete† life. It gives a sense of relief knowing that if I were to develop an ailment in the near future that I would be able to get the care I need to regain my quality of life. In contrast those that are past the age to be prioritize will not feel the same way about the system. One quote I found particularly interesting was the rule of rescue, â€Å"our moral response to the imminence of death demands that we rescue the doomed† (Principles 2). The Complete Lives System does not factor the sickest first, which usually is the elder generation. Its hard to agree with the principle knowing that when I get older and my quality of life decreases, that I will not receive the same treatment as I once did. This is the only flaw of this system it does make you question whether or not it could be effective when it is put into action. Even with this flaw in the system it is still nice to know that the priority is given to those that have not lived a complete quality filled life. Recently I had a close family member of mine pass away at the age of 87. He had been dealing with various health problems the last 5 years or so and had been receiving pretty extensive medical care. I definitely believe that under this system that he would not have received the same amount of care and most likely would not have lived as long. When the time came for my family and him to decide what the future plan of action would be, they decided he did not want to continue the treatment to only be in pain for maybe a couple extra months. When he passed it was very hard for all of us to accept the news and the decision but in the end it was to receiving the treatment he needed years ago under the Complete Lives System and looking at it now I probably would not want the system to apply. I believe that this system is a step forward in the right direction for our healthcare system but any person is selfish in dealing with one of his or her own friends or family members. While I wouldn’t have wanted the system to apply to my family member I could accept the fact knowing that the resources necessary too keep him alive could be better used on someone else to increase their quality of life. The Complete Lives System uses a variety of different principles to try and have a concise system in place to designate who receives the appropriate care. At this time it would be hard to put a system like this into place in somewhere such as the United States, but if used appropriately for the correct system it could be considered as an ethical approach to this big question. Some of the opposing viewpoints accurately generate questions about various aspects of the Complete Lives, but I believe that it is a legitimate policy that factors in all aspects of morality. How to cite Complete lives, Papers

Dantes Inferno2 Essay Example For Students

Dantes Inferno2 Essay In The Inferno, by Dante many of the sinners punishments are questionable to the sins theyve committed. Like Dante, one feels great pity for many of the sinners that exist in all of the levels of Hell. Many of their retributions seem much too severe for some of the sins that just dont seem that dire. Francesca and Paolo di Rimini have no control over the love that develops between the two of them, but are forced to spend eternity in the Second Circle of Hell. The sinners in this area of Hell, the lustful, experience an eternity of torrential rain fall and extremely powerful winds, which toss the souls of these sinners throughout the air. After reading of Lancelot and Guinevere both Francesca and Paolo realize that theyre situation is just like theirs. Francesca does begin having an affair with her husbands younger, better-looking brother; but how could either of the two resist a feeling like that? Lust, yeah its selfish, and maybe it hurts others but if one doesnt give in to its lustful feelings that they too may get hurt. Her husband takes both theirs, and Hell prevents the two of them from ever experiencing that love, from ever being happy again. After hearing Francescas story Dante faints, but who wouldnt pity her; she did what she did in the name of love. Ulysses, a man who fought for his people, bound in the Eighth Pouch of the Eighth Circle of Hell for going against the Christian morals of his time. Among the others guilty of Spiritual Theft he exists within a flame, with Diomedes; they stole from God, so they were stolen from life. Their first mistake was a joint effort; their actions in the Trojan War, with the Wooden Horse, which resulted in the fall of Troy and Aeneas founding of the country of Rome. Also, the statue of Pallas from Palladium was believed to have been a sacred statue that Troys existence depending on; theft of this would result in the downfall of Troy, and what do you know Ulysses stole it. Although Ulysses hurt others, he also helped others; if he hadnt done any of theses things, Troy wouldnt have fallen, and Rome wouldnt have been found. Having nothing but a guilty conscience can make a person insane; their intentions were nothing but good for their people, so one understands why they did the things they did. Lastly, Pier della Bigna commits suicide after realizing that he can no longer deal with the terrible life envious people around him have created for him. Trapped in the Second Ring, Seventh Circle of Hell, he is forced to spend eternity as a tree. The Harpies, a kind of bird, feed on these trees, damaging the leaves and the limbs, causing him to bleed; they cause him endless pain. His punishment for destroying his body is no body at all; hes able to talk only through tears of pain, which are created anything that touches him. His self-destruction was a result of all the pain rumors caused for him in his own life, but yet he must live in Hell with constant pain as a reminder of what he did. He tried to leave the pain on earth, but instead was punished with an eternity of pain and more destructionnow how is that fair, how do you not feel compassion for a man like that?Many of the sinners deserve these horrible punishments, but then as Dante comes across the less serious offenses or the offenses that were just intended to help the sinners one feels compassion for the pain that they must endure for eternity. .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 , .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 .postImageUrl , .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 , .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3:hover , .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3:visited , .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3:active { border:0!important; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3:active , .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3 .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udcc724e3cfbeaf268c4c6b44c60be8d3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: THE SUPERMICRO P4DC6 MOTHERBOARD Essay Whether it is an uncontrollable feeling of pain or love, or a yearning for some one or to do something good for some one a serious penalty like the ones that many of these characters tolerate shouldnt be so extreme. Many times pity is felt because one knows that lust, envy, fear to go on, or a desire to help others is something that he knows he wouldnt be able to resist.Bibliography:

Adam smith vs Karl marks philosophy economics contribution free essay sample

To begin with, Smith came up with the concept of the ‘invisible hand’ (Communist (1848)). This concept was to explain that seeking self interest is not necessarily bad but it sought to explain the reality that people tend to act in their own self-interests. When individuals pursue their self interests, they promote without their knowledge the good of the community at large and so it can be said that an individual who wants to maximize their revenue maximizes the revenue of the society too. This liberty to customers to buy freely what they want and for the producers to produce what they want without any pressure enables the market to settle on a product distribution and prices that are beneficial to all individual members of the community. This liberty to both producers and consumers and the greed to maximize their interests, drives them into a behavior that is beneficial to all in that particular community. We will write a custom essay sample on Adam smith vs Karl marks philosophy economics contribution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Due to this, producers are forced to employ methods of production that are efficient with an aim o maximize their profits. This leads to low prices that are meant to out do their competitors and this forces investors to go for firms that wants to maximize their profits and hence this works as mechanism of balancing. The invisible hand concept acts as the root of modern economics. A good example is the general equilibrium which states that if the economic forces are balanced in the absence of external influences, then the economic variables will not change. This requires that everything in the market beginning with pricing to production be controlled by the players in the market but not by other forces. These external forces may include among others the regulations that are imposed by the government or other organizations that may have a say on the market. According to the general equilibrium, when the prices are very low, then there is surplus supply and when the prices are very low, then there’s a shortage in supply. As a result of this, the situations tend to control themselves without the need for any regulator from outside. These outside forces in the market slow the rate at which the economy grows and they also lead to infancy in the division of labor. As a result of that need for self improvement, efficient division of labor is realized as well as improved efficiency in the economy. This concept is very much in use even in today’s economy . The modern market structure borrows greatly from the earlier ideas of natural monopoly by Adam Smith.( The Poverty of Philosophy human nature) The division of labor Division of labor is a clear indication of qualitative step towards increased productivity and so it acts as an engine that drives towards realization of economic progress. Smith realized that labor division and for that matter labor specialization would improve greatly on the concentration of workers on the duties they perform. This concentration would come as a result of doing a single task many times or repetitively. The need for improvements in productivity of the work force is said to be the root cause for labor division. According to Smith, labor division can lead to increased productivity. This productivity from the workers can be attributed to specialization in one task since specialization leads to greater skill on their particular subtasks compared to what would be accomplished by the same number of workers performing a broad task. For maximum productivity from workers, skills that they have should be matched with the corresponding equipments.   Most of today’s increase in productivity can be attributed to the matching of technological, human and physical capital and mostly in the manner in which they are organized. This means that laborers need to be equipped with the right skills so as to be effective in what they do compared to when there would be no job specialization and hence anybody could perform any job. Todays economics has borrowed greatly from these ideas from Adam smith. Many organization have realized the need to equip their employees and some even hire unskilled ones but pay for their acquisition of skills. Another outcome of labor division according to Adam smith is minimization of time that is wasted by employees when moving from one task to the other. A lot of time is wasted when people keep on relocating and this proves expensive to the company in the long run because they have to pay the employees. Through labor division, this time wastage is minimized . The modern concept of scientific management borrows greatly from Adam Smiths ideas .Scientific management emphasizes on the connection between activities and the transformation that occurs within the process. This is also supported by William Petty who notes and demonstrates its importance in the construction of Dutch ships. He admits that people with a particular task to perform had discovered new ways of doing their work which were later observed and justified by political writers on economy. (An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) specialisation) The wages of labor Wages of labor are dictated by mostly by the availability of job vacancies and also by the availability of workforce. When there are many workers and the available vacancies are few, the amount of money the workers are paid usually fall. Likewise, when employers compete against one another and the labor supply is limited, the wages paid to the employees usually rises but its worthy noting that this process is made possible by unity among laborers and masters. This kind of unity enables laborers to come together and stop biding for jobs against each other hence making the employers increase the wages paid to them. Likewise when employers come together in unity and stop binding against each other, the wages fall. However, in places where the amount of labor is more compared to the amount of the amount of revenue that can used to pay for waged labor, the competition among the employees in greater than the competition between the employers. Smith argues that the amount of revenue must keep on increasing constantly compared to the amount of labor so that wages may remain high. Profits of stock too have an impact on the wages because the more money is spent on compensating labor; little is left for personal profit. This is clearly shown in countries where competition amongst employees is great compared to competition among employers, profits will be much higher. Due to these views, Smith attacks people who are politically aligned and try to use their political influence to manipulate the government and other powers into their bidding. Smith feared that people of this class could form a powerful block and take advantage of their closeness with the authorities into manipulating the state into enforcing certain regulations meant to serve their interests against the general interests. These would maker other players vulnerable and have no say in the way businesses were being conducted. According to other people the level of specialization brought about by division of labor was externally determined but in the contrary, Smith argued that it was the dynamic engine towards economic progress. Surprisingly, Smith himself criticizes the division of labor arguing that it leads to mental mutilation of the workers hence rendering them ignorant and insular because their lives are limited only to doing a single task many times. These ideas by Smith are incorporated into today’s discussions on economic issues. Human capital is one of the discussions in which Adams Smiths ideas are used. Human capital is one of the four types of capital that were identified by Adam as being important for the success of a company. As argued by Smith previously, human capital and the productive ability of the labor force is both dependant on the division of labor. It’s worthy noting that human capital includes skills, dexterity, and the ability to make the right decisions and human capital can be acquired through informal schooling and on the so called on-the-job training. These acquisitions of skills aimed at improving the effectiveness of the workforce are still practiced today by ma ny companies. (An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) productivity) Adam Smith vs Karl Marx Both Adam Smith and Karl Marx shared a common idea and this common idea was their praise for capitalism .These two early pioneers of modern economics agreed that capitalism was the key in unleashing the productive powers. This argument stated that for the employees to be more productive, they needed to be subject to their bosses or seniors. If the employees were left to work at their own leisure these two men agreed that their productivity would be minimal and as a result, their employers would incur big losses. This created the need for competition among both the employers and the employees as well since this would keep these two parties on their feet through out. But despite these similarities in their in their views, there was differences in their ideas as well. Marx and Smith both seem to agree that capitalism is the ultimate driving force in profit maximization .New profits and value added, they seem to agree came as result of the employers paying the workers the exact value that is in the market for their labor capacity. But the sad thing was that in most cases, the market value of the goods which the workers produced exceeded that market value. This clearly means that the employers were making maximum profits while paying little to their workers. Both Marx and Smith agree that     there are different types of capital and they play different roles during production. Production Capitals include things like land, natural resources or raw materials and lastly technology. All the above named different classes of capital were dependant on each other in production. These two men seemed to agree also that social relations of production should not only be made up of relationships between individuals but rather should be between large groups of people or certain classes of people. These two men had the same idea of a free market. They described a free market as a market in which all prices of the goods that are on offer are decided by mutual consent between sellers and buyers   and also one   that did not mislead both the sellers as well as the buyers. They both argued that these two major people in the market, the buyer and the seller, should not be forced into making decision by an external party. The relationship between these two players should not be manipulated by any one but to the contrary, it should be left to obey the natural law of supply and demand. The difference between free and controlled markets is that   controlled markets are controlled by external forces These forces mostly refers to governments which may directly or indirectly try to have control of prices or the supplies in the market. One area where these two men seem to differ is their idea of job specialization. Smith advocates for specialization for jobs among workers. He argues that laborers who were assigned too many different duties were less productive than those who were assigned a specific task to perform day in day out. He says that this leads to efficient usage of time and it seeks to save time that is usually wasted by workers when moving from one task to another. But to the contrary, Karl Marx disapproves this idea arguing that job specialization could result to workers with more poor overall skills. This, as he says would be brought about by tendency of people to resist change. He also says that when people perform one task repeatedly, it may lead to boredom and make them less enthusiastic about their work. He describes this whole process as a kind of alienation. According to him, the more workers become specialized and do the same thing over and over, they later become totally alienated. Marx goes ahead to argue that division of labor brings with it spiritual depression to the workers. This means that the workers perform their duties feeling as if they are being forced other than doing out of their own will .This greatly lowers the morale of the workers and as a result lower their productivity. Physical tiredness or fatigue can be brought about by job specialization as Marx goes ahead to argue since they no longer feel like human beings but they feel more of machines. Contrary to the idea of Smith, Marx believes that fullness of production is very essential to human liberation goes on to say that he would accept the idea of a strict division of labor as a temporary necessary evil. These views can be said to be in total contrast to those expressed by Smith. Smith on his part believed that any business was a collection of inter related tasks that were aimed at solving a particular issue. So as to effectively do this, Smith argued that the workload should be divided into simple sets of tasks which could be done effectively by workers who were equipped with special skills for doing that particular job. It’s worthy noting that Smith, despite his advocating for division of labor, he does not advocate for achievement of labor division at all costs. It’s worthy noting that in contrast to Smith’s view which were only limited to functional domain only and were made up of activities that were direct in sequence as far as the manufacturing process is concerned, modern processes are very inclusive. It was as a result of his ideas that labor division was adopted. Today, we can clearly say that much of today’s practices in the job markets have bor rowed greatly from the ideas of Smith. In all organization, there is job specialization. This has led to the rise of departments in many organizations and each department is allocated certain workers who are in most cases equipped with certain skill to enable them perform specific duties .The sense in this whole exercise as argued by Smith is that it saves a great deal of time that could be wasted by employees when moving from one task to another. This proves very essential since no employer will want to waste his money employees without maximizing their productivity. However, it is good to note that Smith admits that seeking self interests is not always good. All he tried to do was trying to reverse believe that self interest is generally bad. He also intended to bring to the light the idea that wile human motives are selfish and greedy; the out come of these human behaviors would bring benefits to the whole community at large. This is the direct opposite of the ideas that Marx had .In his arguments; Marx says that the major struggles are always between the producers and those who work in the industries. Another of his greatest contribution to modern economics was his sharp distinction between the two types of division namely social and economic division of labor .If these two labor divisions are conflated, it might look as if labor division is inevitable rather than being constructed socially and influenced by power. (Adam Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) Karl Marx, The Poverty of Philosophy). References Edwin G. West, (1976)The Man and His Wor

Five Ways to Look Up

Five Ways to Look Up Five Ways to Look Up Five Ways to Look Up By Maeve Maddox ESL learners have a tough row to hoe when they set themselves to learn English idioms. Note: â€Å"to have a tough row to hoe† = â€Å"to have a difficult task to carry out.† For example, each of the following sentences contains the verb look and the word up, but each conveys a different thought: 1. It’s a surprise! Keep your head down and don’t look up. In this sentence, up functions as an adverb modifying the verb look. In this context, â€Å"to look up,† means, â€Å"to direct one’s gaze upward.† 2. Before you use an unfamiliar word, be sure to look up the meaning. Here, â€Å"to look up† is a phrasal verb with the meaning â€Å"to search for an item of information, or seek information concerning (a person or thing), in a book or database, on the Internet, etc.† 3. Many youngsters look up to professional athletes. In this context, â€Å"to look up to† is a phrasal verb meaning, â€Å"to have a great deal of respect for, to admire, venerate.† 4. While I’m in Chicago, I intend to look up my old college roommate. This colloquial use of â€Å"to look up† means â€Å"to visit or contact a person, especially for the first time or after loss of contact. 5. My financial planner assures me that the economy is about to look up. This idiom is most commonly used in the progressive tense: â€Å"Things are looking up.† The meaning is â€Å"improving, getting better.† From the verb â€Å"look up† (to seek information) comes the noun lookup, a computer term meaning â€Å"the action or process of looking something up in a database.† Lookup is also used as a qualifier: I often  use the Passage Lookup to compare English translations from the NIV, ESV, NASB, and NKJV.   The  lookup feature  allows you to quickly search your contact manager or PIM (personal information manager) for phone numbers to dial. On my iPad, the  lookup feature  isnt working right for certain entries. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Grammar Test 1Is There a Reason â€Å"the Reason Why† Is Considered Wrong?Shore It Up

Understanding the Oppression of Women Research Paper

Understanding the Oppression of Women - Research Paper Example Understanding the Oppression of Women The situation of women in American society has progressed multi folds and is an ongoing process.Oppression of women is a topic that is talked about with passion by feminists but when we look at the history of oppression to women, we realize that it is quite a recent event. The woman was actually held in very high esteem as the mother of the clan and one who is responsible for building the clan. It is interesting to note that because of this quality, women were valued and considered too valuable to part with. Men leave their birth clans and get adopted by the clan of the women they choose to be with. This is quite complete contrast to modern society where it is the woman who leaves her family and takes on the man’s name. It is therefore arguable that the inequality came with the development of civilization, the growth of society, economic development and the onset of class distinctions in society. The superiority of man over woman came about around the fifteenth century as marr iage laws set in English society. The concept of one woman for one man resulted eventually in women becoming enslaved and segregated according to their childbearing abilities. The freedom to choose and father children out of wedlock was a prestige that was only given to the upper class. There was also a very distinct trend with regards to labour emerging from competition and extreme growth and demand for the economy. Until them women and men had enjoyed equal division of labour, apart from household chores, as the main source of income was agriculture. Their work places were not too far away or separated from their homes so women could take care of their children and household duties while contributing in the fields. However as the demand for industrial labour grew, women were relegated to low paying mundane tasks. Early in the century, the vast class segregation also brought in a different trend. Men were beginning to be seen as the breadwinners of the family and the one to support the household. The woman was regarded as valuable in her role in the house and her worth was based on the labour she could put in or the riches she brought with her as in the case of the richer class. This tradition continued till the nineteenth century. Women became housewives predominantly. This continuing trend of inequality between men and women in the work force took menacing proportions and women began to be oppressed more and more and lost their rightful place in society. Ancient Asian and African traditions still continue with patriarchal society trends and treat women as slaves and oppress them in marriage and in their own family. We hear about cases of sexual and emotional abuse by men to prove their dominion. Oppression to Women in the United States of America The United States of America, although considered a forward thinking western society has a history of oppression to women that still continues in its own subtle way. When we talk about this topic from Americaâ€⠄¢s perspective however we have to consider the history as seen in the various ethnic groups in the US. We will consider the two main ethnic groups and look at oppression based on them. We classify it as 1. Oppression of African American women 2. Oppression of white women Oppression of African American women The slave trade came to America in the early 1800s and brought many Africans along with it. They were treated as sex-slaves and bore many children out of wedlock to their white masters. They had little no place in society and continued subjugated lives. African women were employed to work in the fields and also as domestic help, which included taking care of the children of their white maste

International accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International accounting - Essay Example Thus the exchange rates were under pressure heading to period leading to intense depreciation at the time of a steep fall in the global risk sentiments forcing RBI to interrupt so as to stabilize the unit of domestic currency. As for the foreign currency the Bank has entered into the contract of foreign currency derivative with its customers to lay them off on matched basis in the inter-bank market. The foreign currency hedging is made on the spreads on the customer transactions. The risk management body of the company undertakes hedging and the methods are thus used for assessing the effectiveness of hedging. The hedging taking place may be against a single liability or asset or a portfolio of the same (HDFC Bank Ltd., 2012, pp.110-124). Extent and Nature of Foreign Currency Exposure The Bank has entered into derivatives and foreign exchange deals after setting up counterparty credit limits on the basis of the counterparty’s ability to meet obligations in the event of foreign currency exposure. For such like endeavors the bank does not bear any market risks but only carries the credit risk associated with the counterparty. The Bank generally maintains a provision for the standard assets inclusive of the credit exposures on the basis of current market to market value of interest rate and gold and foreign exchange derivatives contract at stipulated level by the RBI from time to time. For the overseas branches of HDFC the provisions are maintained at a much higher level by the respective regulator of RBI. The effect of translation exposure of the company has resulted in translation reserve of the company amounting to Rs. 251,651,000 on 31st March, 2012. However, the treasury segment usually consists of the net interest earnings from the bank’s investment portfolio, money market lending and borrowing, losses or gains on the investment operation and on account of trading in derivatives contract and foreign exchange. The non-monetary as well as the mon etary foreign liabilities and assets of non integral foreign operations. These are then translated based on the rates of closing exchange notified by FEDAI related to the Balance Sheet date thereby resulting in profit or loss of the company that arises out of exchange differences which gets compiled in the Foreign Currency Translation Account till the disposal of the net investment in the non integral foreign operations (Raynor, 1999, p.156). Major risks of the business Since the intensification of the global financial crisis of 2008, risk related to the domestic growth of the company was a hindrance faced from the external environment of the company. The Bank also faces risk related to the Technology Risk Management of the company generally resulting in the cyber fraud. The other critical risks faced by the bank are the operational risk, credit risk and the market risk. Credit risk aroused from the non-payment of the loaned amount of the company whereas the market risk associated w ith the interest rate risk and the liquidity risk of the company. Th

Development of a Business Plan to Establish a Private Jet Charter Essay

Development of a Business Plan to Establish a Private Jet Charter - Essay Example The adoption of the hub and spoke system by commercial airlines requires most passengers to transit through one of some 70 large airports, adding to the total travel time for most passengers. Most major airline hubs are large and have air traffic congestion and connection times of over 2 hours are needed to provide for potential delays in the incoming flight and the transfer time including additional security screening. An additional issue with the hub and spoke system is the increased probability of mishandled baggage. Due to restrictions on the nature of carry-on bags, many business travelers need to check in tools, instruments and such material and if these do not make the transfer, the business trip itself may become abortive (Copley, 2012). There are over 5000 public use airports in the US that can be accessed by private air charter planes. The reduced travel time due to point-to-point connection, the convenience of flexible departure and turnaround times, the possibility of using flying time for work and the reducing cost differential between commercial plane tickets and air charter rates ( especially when a team of people are travelling together) is driving the growth of the air charter industry. There are over 2,000 registered private air charter companies in the US operating over 15,000 business aircraft with total revenues of over $ 12 billion a year. The overwhelming majority of these planes seat 4 to 8 passengers and have a maximum range of 1,000 miles. Private air charter companies transport between 1 and 1.5 million a year and these aircraft log over 18 billion revenue passenger miles. Contrary to the general impression, only some 3% of these are owned by large corporations (NBAA Fact Book, 2012). Most business aircraft are operated by small entrepreneurs and are typically operations with 1 -2 aircraft. The

Airasia Vision and Mission Statement Analysis

Airasia Vision and Mission Statement Analysis A vision is practically involves thinking strategically about the future direction of a company. In other words, the vision statement is like a road map leading the route to a company intends to take in developing and strengthening its business. Therefore, create a vision statement is really crucial for AirAsia. And the analysis of the current vision statement of AirAsia is including in the Appendix (Exhibit 1.0). After an evaluation of AirAsia original vision statement, the new vision statement will be revising into: To spearhead flight industry and to be the most recognized low-cost airline company that delivers the best flying experience in Asia. As we can see, the new vision statement that formed is still within its scope, AirAsia remain emphasizing that it wanted to be the largest low-cost airline company in the Asia. When the company grows larger, it will direct more people to recognize AirAsia easily, in other words it brings strong brand identity to the customers. Besides that, in the new vision statement AirAsia interpreted as becoming the leader in flight industry in Asia, and obviously the original vision statement of AirAsia does not including this. Furthermore, in the new vision statement states that AirAsia wants to delivers the best flying experience to the customers, in fact this is another new direction that AirAsia can look into as customers today are concern about the servic es more than the features that the company can provide. As mention earlier, developing a vision statement is a key to direct a company and to help secure the companys future. Conversely, a poor vision statement may mislead a company to the wrong direction. What AirAsia are accomplishing whenever developing a vision is actually expressive AirAsia expectations for its business. Although the new vision will not notify exactly how AirAsia are going to reach the entire destination, it does establish the course for its business planning. For example, being a leader in the industry is particularly new goals for AirAsia to achieve. AirAsia should consider come out with a unique selling proposition that competitors would not duplicate from like having a strong and large customers base, using the latest and advance technology that the competitors does not have, having the safest security aids and so on. In this point of view, AirAsia faced tougher strategic decisions on choosing technology option and so forth. Next, we can see that the new vision statement stated that AirAsia wanted to be the most recognized low-cost airline company in Asia. Being the most recognized low-cost airline company needed a lot of exposure to the public such as advertising, sponsoring and so on. In this case, AirAsia will require making careful strategic decision and actions on the publicity and the sponsorship. For example, if AirAsia does not constantly updating its publicity activities and does not coverage all the target market, then will reduced the customers base and hardly become most recognize Airline Company in Asia. Mission Statement Mission statement is used for defining current business activities, highlighting boundaries of current business. While the analysis of the current mission statement of AirAsia is includes in the Appendix (Exhibit 2.0). After an evaluation of AirAsia original vision statement, the new mission statement is written as: To bring full premier services to the customers yet offering the lowest flight cost. Hence, it fulfilled the now everyone can fly tagline correctly. Next is To have a productive and motivated workforce and build close relationship between employees and the top management. Lastly, is Updating and embracing the technology all the time to meet the goals of AirAsia that is reduced the cost to the lowest. The new mission statement that created to AirAsia is brief and memorable, in other words it is easy to understand by most of the target audience. Besides, it is state clearly the purpose of the particular mission that needed to accomplish in the short period of time. For example, in the new mission statement stated To bring full premier services to the customers yet offering the lowest flight cost has affected the AirAsia to increase the customer value and provide full premier services like the others competitors do. Increasing customer value is not easy as it requires strategic actions and planning by the management. The new mission statement has come out to have a productive and motivated workforce in AirAsia. This simply means that AirAsia needed to keep providing trainings and empower among the employees to make sure the work flow is carrying efficiently and productivity. While building well relationships between employees and top management can be done by organizing team building and applying good working policy to the AirAsia workforce. This mission statement helps guiding AirAsia for shaping its whole organization structure well and flat. In short, the new vision and mission statement that created truthfully can helps AirAsia to go further in the right track and help management to review it as a guideline in making decisions in the future. The analysis of new vision and mission statement do include in the Appendix (Exhibit 3.0 and Exhibit 4.0) AirAsias Resources Strengths and Competitive Capabilities AirAsias major resources are including financial, human, technological, physical, organizational resources and so forth. Those resources can be strength and competitive capabilities that makes the key success factors in the industry. Financial performance is the key to determine the strength or weakness of a company. According to the financial summary analysis in the case, it shows that in the end of 2005, AirAsia has actually earning of US$29.2 million and it is increased yearly. Besides that, AirAsias bank and cash balances are reported up to US$ 86.6 million. This indeed shows a good performance and strength of AirAsia because with the large amount of the bank and cash balances, AirAsia totally can generate internal funds to do any expansion in the future. With this strength as well, AirAsia can meet its key success factors easily in the industry. In fact to has a low-debt-ratio, AirAsia increased its financial strengths too. Next, are the human resources. Human resources refer to employees that working for the company. AirAsias are still capable to keep its employees motivated because AirAsia is extremely supportive and responsive in encouraging and listening to its employee all the time. This made the employees more productive and creative in performing their responsibility. Instead of offering high and attractive salary to its competitors, AirAsia recommend its own policy which are more motivated. For example, AirAsia offered a broad range of incentives that includes productivity and performance-based bonuses, shares and stocks option. In addition, AirAsia implement a sector pay policy rather than hourly pay scale for its pilots. This policy adopted to encourage pilot to enhance flight efficiencies by keeping flight and operating times to a minimum and to cover as much flight sectors as possible daily. All those hard work that AirAsia take not only helped in increase productivity buy also to further st rengthen employees relationships day by day. Moreover, highly skilled employees are also the source of capabilities that AirAsia has that is hardly to intimate by others competitors. Hence, human resources are one of AirAsia strength to match the key success factors. From the innovation resources and product development aspects, at this moment, AirAsia has managed to design its aircraft cabins and this brings to cost reduction to AirAsia. This innovative work helps in increasing AirAsia revenues as the innovation allows for quicker turnarounds between flights. AirAsia also have their own branded credit card and offers corporate travel services. The ability to innovate and come up with unique innovations to lower costs and increase revenues shows that AirAsia possesses substantial quality innovation resources that are valuable. Low cost airline tend to achieve the lowest possible price of the products and services same goes to AirAsia. AirAsia capabilities to reduce cost either fixed or distribution cost is the competitive weapon used in the industry. AirAsia successfully bargained low lease rates for its aircraft, low airport fees and low rates for its long term maintenance contract, allows AirAsia to relatively offer low-cost flights to the customers. This somewhat linked to the physical resources management that is one of the strength of AirAsia. Last but not least, the AirAsia strengths and competitive capabilities that matches the industry key success factors which is the advance and updating, is the technical resources. AirAsia was the first airline company in Asia who apply online-ticketing (e-ticketing) services to its customers. This implementation indirectly helped AirAsia to save up lots of cost, for example the printing cost. To further benefit the customers with technologies help, AirAsia make available for its customers to purchase the tickets at certain hypermarket by setting up a booth there as well as the post office. In short, AirAsia strength is also the capability to leverage on technologies and ahead of its competitors to increase sales and lower cost in the future.

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud :: Literary Analysis, William Wordsworth

Nature is often a focal point for many author’s works, whether it is expressed through lyrics, short stories, or poetry. Authors are given a cornucopia of pictures and descriptions of nature’s splendor that they can reproduce through words. It is because of this that more often than not a reader is faced with multiple approaches and descriptions to the way nature is portrayed. Some authors tend to look at nature from a deeper and personal observation as in William Wordsworth’s â€Å"I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud†, while other authors tend to focus on a more religious beauty within nature as show in Gerard Manley Hopkins â€Å"Pied Beauty†, suggesting to the reader that while to each their own there is always a beauty to be found in nature and nature’s beauty can be uplifting for the human spirit both on a visual and spiritual level. Wordsworth and Hopkins both present the reader with a poem conveying the theme of nature. Nature in its variety be it from something as simple as streaked or multicolored skies, long fields and valleys, to things more complex like animals, are all gifts we take for granted. Some never realize the truth of what they are missing by keeping themselves indoors fixating on the loneliness and vacancy of their lives and not on what beauty currently surrounds them. Others tend to relate themselves more to the fact that these lovely gifts are from God and should be praised because of the way his gifts have uplifted our human spirit. Each writer gives us their own ideals as how to find and appreciate nature’s true gifts. In â€Å"I wandered Lonely as a Cloud,† William Wordsworth accomplishes his ideal of nature by using personification, alliteration, and simile within his poem to convey to the reader how nature’s beauty uplifts his spirits and takes him away from his boring daily routine. Wordsworth relates himself in solidarity to that of a cloud wandering alone, â€Å"I wandered lonely as a cloud† (line 1). Comparing the cloud and himself to that of a lonely human in low spirits of isolation, simultaneously the author compares the daffodils he comes across as he â€Å"floats on high o’er vales and hills† (line 2) to that of a crowd of people dancing (lines 3-6 and again in 12). Watching and admiring the dancing daffodils as he floats on by relating them to various beauties of

The key problem with its impact is that it is not timely

Mark Magnier’s article about the â€Å"crisis of trust† in China could have a more powerful impact.The key problem with its impact is that it is not timely – we have been dealing with fake, harmful Chinese products here in America for years, and we naturally expect that without the consumer protection laws that about here at home, consumers in China would be subject to even more terrible scams.  This should be viewed as an atrocity of the free market, one which America tamed long ago through consumer movements after we had learned our lesson during the unrestrained capitalism of the early 20th century.But the article lacks passion.   Although it is journalistically correct to end sentences in periods, this doesn’t mean that they shouldn’t have the impact of exclamation points.   Take, for example, the following sentence: â€Å"[l]and that farmers have tilled for generations can be seized on a moment’s notice in a system that doesn†™t recognize private property.†It bumbles awkwardly through a critical point and is stymied by a few too many prepositional phrases.   It leaves the reader unenraged about the fact that what our Founders considered a pillar of society – Property, next in line only to Life and Liberty – is totally absent from the world’s most populous country.The author of the article is unable to bring the points home.   The baby formula example could easily be reinforced by the image of a sickly Gerber baby, or the reminder that it is a product we have taken for granted for decades.   In an article like this one, connecting prominent American brands to the scandals taking place abroad – placing the reader in the shoes of the foreigner – would have left a much more lasting impression than the distant, dispassionate analysis offered here.And let’s not start on the hackneyed, irrelevant clichà © that the author leads with.

Free Essays on Plato’s Republic - The Three Great Analogies

Plato’s Republic - The Three Great Analogies The Allegory of the Cave, like most things in philosophy, can be interpreted in many different ways. It basically says that people are chained to the wall of a cave and they have nothing to look at but shadows on the wall that are provided by another. This is all that they know and have never been out of the cave. The main point of the Allegory of the Cave is to give an example of the way that we all live our lives. Except for a chosen few like Christ, Gandhi and maybe even Socrates, no one is really enlightened, or has seen what life is all about. The remainder of us see what we think is reality when actually it is the "shadows" of true reality. The Shadow makers represent the opinions makers, or the people that make us look at the world the way we do. An opinion maker can be anyone, a priest telling you how God wants you to live, ones parents teach them morals or the television. These shadows make us think that this is the way to live and that this is what is important in the world. As stated before, few can break the chains and escape the cave. When they do and find out what true reality is, most come back and want to spread the truth. In most cases these people are looked down upon for not conforming to the minds of others. Look at Christ, he was crucified for trying to teach as was Socrates. The main point of the Allegory is to illustrate the way in which we live and show how what we think is reality, are really just shadows. I seem to think there is another meaning to the Allegory of the Cave. I do believe while on Earth some do break their chains and escape the cave to see what reality is. I also believe that the rest of us break these chains in death. The Allegory says that it is painful to break the chains, and in most cases death is not pleasant. Once out of the chains what to do, where to go is the question. Only when the sunlight is spotted from the cave entrance does one... Free Essays on Plato’s Republic - The Three Great Analogies Free Essays on Plato’s Republic - The Three Great Analogies Plato’s Republic - The Three Great Analogies The Allegory of the Cave, like most things in philosophy, can be interpreted in many different ways. It basically says that people are chained to the wall of a cave and they have nothing to look at but shadows on the wall that are provided by another. This is all that they know and have never been out of the cave. The main point of the Allegory of the Cave is to give an example of the way that we all live our lives. Except for a chosen few like Christ, Gandhi and maybe even Socrates, no one is really enlightened, or has seen what life is all about. The remainder of us see what we think is reality when actually it is the "shadows" of true reality. The Shadow makers represent the opinions makers, or the people that make us look at the world the way we do. An opinion maker can be anyone, a priest telling you how God wants you to live, ones parents teach them morals or the television. These shadows make us think that this is the way to live and that this is what is important in the world. As stated before, few can break the chains and escape the cave. When they do and find out what true reality is, most come back and want to spread the truth. In most cases these people are looked down upon for not conforming to the minds of others. Look at Christ, he was crucified for trying to teach as was Socrates. The main point of the Allegory is to illustrate the way in which we live and show how what we think is reality, are really just shadows. I seem to think there is another meaning to the Allegory of the Cave. I do believe while on Earth some do break their chains and escape the cave to see what reality is. I also believe that the rest of us break these chains in death. The Allegory says that it is painful to break the chains, and in most cases death is not pleasant. Once out of the chains what to do, where to go is the question. Only when the sunlight is spotted from the cave entrance does one...

Environmental Ethics essays

Environmental Ethics essays The Ethical Basis for Ecosystem Management Ecosystem Management: The Human Dimension Establishing an environmental ethic is of utmost concern to the human species to better comprehend our place in the world and our potentials for the future. In doing so, we must extend our thinking of rights and responsibilities. I believe we must incorporate not only a temporal component, but also a spatial understanding of the world as an organic biotic community and how consumption is a part of the natural order. Aldo Leopold believes that conservation ethics must be rooted in a determination: "A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community. It is wrong when it tends otherwise." I would like to start with Leopold's statement, and further explore how the definitions of integrity, stability and beauty can be better understood given three corollary's: 1. All organic entities must consume to survive it is not only a right, but a responsibility 2. There are limited resources to be consumed by organic entities on the planet 3. The human species has the ability, through rational thought, to conserve ever-depleting resources Leopold's ethic attempts to extend what is of human, moral concern to include animals, ecosystems, and endangered species. How can this concern be expressed in today's society? I see one problem with this argument in that there is little discussion about power and influence that is inherent in current definitions of rights. Therefore, I will introduce the notion that organic entities, those that depend on the consumption of energy for survival, must retain the right to consume resources to survive. Notions of right and wrong now have no standing it is a fact that organic entities must consume to maintain life. I will turn to Callicott for some discussion of limits and to the Second Law of Thermodynamics as a moral decree to conservation. The r...

Euthanasia - Right or wrong Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Euthanasia - Right or wrong - Essay Example As keeping in mind that it is actually his own life which he wants to terminate. The other point that comes under ethics is that what should be the circumstances under which Euthanasia should be allowed. Euthanasia cannot be allowed in any normal circumstances but only when there is no other option left for the patient as well as the physician. Many people believe that the Euthanasia should no be allowed in any case. According to them there is a chance that it can be used as rivalry or might be used as a cover for murder. When see it closely there is very less difference in killing and letting someone die. Killing can be either giving a person any lethal injection and by letting someone die is to see any person who is about to die and do nothing for him or her. Euthanasia is said to be a pain relief. The doctor gives a lethal injection to the patient in order to relieve him or her from the pain and he never intended to kill him. This is known as Doctrine of Double Effect. It is sometimes known as â€Å"easy killing†. Normally people think that the only reason for asking Euthanasia is the unbearable pain and suffering but the recent research in USA and Netherlands proved that the less than a third of requests were because of severe and unbearable pain and suffering. If a person is in a condition of long illness and his or her personal life is severely damaged due to his illness and isolation. He may be having a worst relation with his or her spouse, children or friends. His may be in danger of loosing his job, in these circumstances, the only thing that attacked him is depression and fear. The fear of loosing his job, the fear of loosing his family, the fear of being deserted by his friends, fear to loose his control over his life and fear of loosing his dignity, he might imagine himself as a burden on his family and on earth, he might think of himself as a

Critically discuss how language differences between home and host Essay

Critically discuss how language differences between home and host country can influence MNCs entry mode strategy - Essay Example However, these language barriers can have different effects on different entry modes. The extent of MNCs exposure to language barrier will therefore depend on their entry mode. Moreover, there are various literature examining the effect of formal institutions and informal institutions (mainly language) on entry mode choice. Although the effect of language on entry mode choice is relatively understudied, there exist studies that examine the impact of language on some of the entry modes separately. The rising level of globalization has become of immense importance currently. More and more firms commence to look to foreign lands to increase their businesses as the globe becomes more and more interwoven. To manage such operations across foreign boundaries has become of the biggest issues for international firms today (Egger, 2012). The international economy has formulated a business framework which needs firms to look past the traditional reasoning of the home market, and commence instead observing at businesses from a foreign global view. The technique a firm venture from their market to new foreign markets geographically is of immense importance for how best the firm attains its goals with their various businesses. Small and average sized companies, which have taken their choice to internationalize, need to grow into foreign markets face the setback of deciding on the best structural framework. There are numerous factors, which encourage firms to commence their operations in foreign markets (Feely, 2003). The most common include the hope for economies of scale, the experience curve effects outcome from an expanded level of outputs, and the reality of the existence of markets which are beneficial in the international markets which is not present at home. It can be believed that the developing in dissemination of information, progress in travel conditions, decrease in tariff issues and others have

Personal reflexion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal reflexion - Essay Example He told me that laboratory findings should not be mentioned in the history which should rather focus on what the patient tells us. He guided me that dehydration in children was checked on the abdomen rather than forehead. The teacher was very helpful and encouraged me along with telling me never to hesitate. He motivated me to work on patients alone and not to hesitate. I would definitely teach as a doctor if I come across a group of students who are new and find it difficult to work alone on patients. I learned from my experience that new students should never be criticized especially in front of the patients because it makes them loose confidence and they then find it difficult to go up to patients alone and learn. Q.2.Describe one example from your medical training when you received feedback on an aspect of your performance. Explain how that feedback altered your subsequent practice. How will you use this experience to develop a specific aspect of your foundation training? Answer: When our clinical training in the surgery ward started we were taught how to perform examination on patients suffering from hernia and in the next training session I was called forward to conduct the examination on the other patient. I performed all the steps required and checked the hernia and I presented the diagnosis that it was a case of direct inguinal hernia. The teacher approved of my confidence but he told me that I had missed on a few examination points including the ring occlusion test and I had actually confused an indirect inguinal hernia with a direct one. From this experience I learned that being doctors we should be very careful while presenting our diagnosis. All tests and examinations should always be performed before reaching to a conclusion. I will always be very careful during my foundation training not to repeat any such mistake and be careful enough to perform

Learning Activities Essay Example for Free

Learning Activities Essay Think about your own organization and the people related records that it stores Identify five records that would fit within any of the identified reasons for keeping records outlined above (you will find more information on these on p278 –p280 of the course textbook). Explain why your organization needs to maintain and use these records (provide examples of how they are actually used where you can). Training Records – At Enterprise we have a spreadsheet called â€Å"The Matrix†, this stores each employed persons training records. It is a basic excel spreadsheet with a column for names and a list of each of the available courses within Enterprise along the top. As soon as an employee has been on a course this will be inputted on to the spreadsheet along with the expiry date (if there is one) so we can ensure all personnel have valid records. Having this information available is very important, due to the nature of our work we need to show that we are keeping our employees safe by having valid training records. For example if there is an accident on site and an employee has hit an underground cable, we would need to be able to show that the person has valid training records for â€Å"safe digging† to our Health and Safety officer otherwise we as a company could be seeing as being negligent when we have a duty of care towards our employees, this could result in claims against the organization. Invoice Tracker – Every week invoices are sent in from our DSP’s to each of our contracts within the Trowbridge office. I am the project manager of shrouding and have 2 invoices sent in from each of the companies working for me. Leven’s MOYAD construction. Once these invoices are emailed to me I will copy and record the information on to my â€Å"surveying† spreadsheet. This spreadsheet contains all site numbers ever worked on by each of my sub contractors and to what percentage that they were done on which day. Having  this information is vital to my contract I need to be able to check that each site is not being invoiced on more than one occasion as well as to the percentage that is required. Also on this spreadsheet it shows how much money will be due to be paid to both the contractor and Enterprise. Showing weekly turn over information and that we are hitting profit margins are essential on monthly meetings. Also if there was ever a dispute of pay, being able to refer to this information is important. Employee personnel Files – Each employee of Enterprise has their own personnel file. This file contains full name, address, date of birth, bank details, sickness and holiday absence details as well as written warnings (if they have any) and their signed Enterprise contract stating what their job role is and salary. These files are used when appropriate, usually when employees details need updating or they have booked holiday. Online Time Sheets – Every week every employee within Enterprise must fill out an online time sheet in order to be paid. The guys on site bring in a written version of this for the person who deals with time sheets to update their online version. This is so that any absence is recorded whether it be for half an hour or for an hour, this provides accurate attendance percentages and highlights regular patterns of absence. Curriculum Vitae – For every Job advertisement that is put on the job websites a large number of CV’s from potential applicants. These are all then filtered down to persons with most experience and knowledge of the role that we are looking to fill. These persons will then be asked to interview, if they are not successful we will still store there CV on file for six months. This is a helpful system and saves re advertising for the same job if a vacancy arose for that position. Learning activity two Again think about your own organization. For the five records you have identified above, identify and describe how the records are stored. Explain the rationale for this. Training Records – These records are stored on Microsoft Excel, this system allows us to filter out what’s relevant and what isn’t depending on the persons records we are searching. As soon as a course is booked for an employee the date of the course is put on the system till the certificate is received, at which point the expiry date ( if there is one) will then be entered in it’s place. Invoice Tracker – The invoice surveying data sheet is in Microsoft Excel, this allows easy copy and pasting of data from spreadsheet to spreadsheet. Once an invoice has been received all data from the invoice will be extracted by copying and recorded on to the surveying form by pasting in to the relevant columns. Employee Personnel Files – These are all held in a locked filing cabinet in alphabetical order. Any new employee will have an personnel file created on their day of induction. All of their personal information will be stored in here and updated when necessary. Online Time Sheet – The online time sheet is kept on our internal server database, It is a case of simply going in to â€Å"online time sheet† on the server, clicking on last weeks week, and inputting the hours worked during that day. CV’s – All CV’s received from suitable job applicants will be stored in a file on the computer. They will be copied from the Enterprise email inbox and pasted in to the file, or scanned if received through the post. Learning activity three Take one of the examples of areas of organizational activity that require accurate information to facilitate decision making. For this example: Identify and describe how the data is gathered Provide at least three examples of the sort of information that is derived and why it is useful Describe how the information is used to inform the decision making process Describe how and to whom the information is presented Draw up a list of these. Curriculum Vitea when advertising a vacancy: Once Enterprise have advertised a vacancy on the system, this will be logged on to the job centre website and other job search sites. With an Enterprise email to send all Cv’s too, there is also an address for those who are unable to send via email. All CV’s are automatically filtered in to a separate email inbox, and posted CV’S are scanned in to the system as well and will wait for review by the relevant persons. Once a significant amount of CV’s have been sent in the filtering process will begin, for example if we were advertising a Data input/Administration role we would look for experience in those titles from previous roles. Or a qualification in business administration. Filtering through this information is important so as to find the right person for employment. Once the CV’s have been filtered through they will be passed on to the office manager for review. They will then pick names from the persons filtered and make an appointment for interview. The interview is carried out by our office manager and a member of staff who will be training the potential candidate. The candidate will be asked a series of questions relating to their working background and what their skills are as well as a question on Enterprise this usually tells us straight away whether they had made the effort to do some research. This goes down very well with the office manager. Once all interviews have been carried out they will be filtered down to three potential employees who will go to the final stage of the Interview process which is a trial half day. The people who were not successful will be sent a standard letter telling them that their CV will be kept on file for 6 months. Trial half day consists of a member of staff who has a good knowledge of the role being taken on, And the potential employee. They will be shown what to  do and given tasks to get on with. Once all three candidates have been in for this, the office manager, the trainee and and a member of office staff will sit down and make a decision based on how well they got on, how quickly they learned the tasks and general attitude within the workplace. This person would then be informed of their success and will be given a start date. The two other candidates will be sent a standard letter informing them that they were unsuccessful on this occasion and that their CV will be kept on file. The short listed CV’s will be kept in a separate folder to the other batch of CV’s. Learning activity four Consider what data gathering methods you might use for a particular information gathering requirement. Cover: The specifics of the requirement The method(s) used Reason for using that particular method Any considerations in using the particular method Interviews – Potential employees, this method is perfect for getting to know the candidate, asking any questions not answered in their CV. Consider writing down all questions you are thinking of asking to avoid forgetting to ask. Surveys Surveys are a good way to gather data from a large number of people when it’s impractical to meet them face to face, it is a good method of getting an opinion on a product, service or company. Surverys can be both formal where the results are due to statistical, reliability and validity. And informal where the results are anecdotal – Anecdotal The definition of anecdotal is something that is story-like or something that is based on stories and retellings, not based on provable facts. Observations – Direct observations are a good way of recording data, especially in a working environment, they are often done in conjunction with  another data gathering method that is used to fill in the gaps and answer questions. Observations must be arranged with plenty notice to the person you are observing and the permission from management. Consider getting someone who can tell you what to look for with regards to what you are observing, for example the use of a new mechanical device in a warehouse. Learning activity five Explore the information under the link above, then tackle the following: List the eight principles of the DPA with a brief explanation of each What does the DPA say about the rights of individuals to access to data kept on them? List at least five measures you might take to protect personnel information The eight principles of the DPA Data Protection act are the following: 1: Processing personal data fairly and lawfully, It means that you must have legitimate reason for collecting and using personal data, you must not use the data in way that have unjustified adverse effects on the individual concerned, be clear on how you intend to use the data, handle the personal data in ways they would expect and make sure you do not do anything unlawful with the data. 2: Processing personal data for specified purposes, meaning you must be clear from the offset as to why you require the information and what you are going to do with it, comply with the acts fair processing requirements – including the duty to give privacy notices to individuals when collecting their personal data. You must also comply with what the act says about notifying the information commissioner and ensure that if you wish to use or disclose the personal data for any purpose that is additional to or different from the originally specified purpose, the new use or disclosure is fair. 3: The Amount of personal data you hold; Personal data should be adequate, relevant and not excessive in relation to the purpose or purposes for which they are processed. Meaning that you hold personal data about an individual that is sufficient for the purpose you are holding it for in relation to  that individual and you do not hold more information that you need for that purpose. 4: Keeping personal data accurate and up to date; personal data shall be accurate and when necessary up to date, to comply with this you should take reasonable steps to ensure the accuracy of any personal data you obtain, ensure that the source of any personal data is clear, carefully consider any challenges to the accuracy of the information, and consider whether it is necessary to update the information. 5: Retaining personal data; personal data processed or any purpose shall not be kept for loner than is necessary for that purpose or those purposes. Meaning review the length of time you keep personal data, consider the purpose or purposes you hold the information for in deciding whether and how long for to retain it, securely delete information that is no longer needed for this purpose or these purposes; and update, archive or securely delete information that goes out of date. 6: The rights of individuals; Personal data shall be processed in accordance with the rights of data subjects under this act; the rights of access to copy the information compromised in their personal data; a right to object to processing that is likely to cause or is cause damage or distress, a right to prevent processing for direct marketing, a right to object to decisions being taken by automated means, a right in certain circumstances to have accurate personal data rectified, blocked, erased or destroyed, and a right to claim compensation for damages caused by a breach of the act. 7: information security; appropriate technical and organizational measures shall be taken against unauthorized or unlawful processing of personal data and against accidental loss or destruction of, or damage to, personal data. It means you will need to design and organize your security to fit the nature of the personal data you hold and the harm that may result from a security breach; be clear about who in your organization is responsible for ensuring information security; make sure that you have the right physical and technical security, back up by robust policies and procedures and  reliable, well trained staff as well as being ready to respond to any breach of security swiftly and effectively. 8: Sending personal data outside the European Economic Area; personal data should not be transferred to a country or territory outside the #EEA unless that country or territory ensures an adequate level od protection for the rights and freedoms od data subjects in relation to the processing of personal data. Individuals who wish to access personal data on themselves commonly known as subject access; Can do so by writing a request to the company with possibly paying a fee, this entitles them to be told whether their personal data is being processed, they can request that they are given a description of the personal data, the reasons it is being processed and whether it will be given to any other organizations or people. The individual can also be given a copy of the information compromising the data and be given details of the source of the data. An individual can also request the reasons as to why any automated decisions are made for example a computer generated decision on credit. Whether to allow or deny. The individual is entitled only to their own personal data and not to information relating to other people. If I was running my own company the five measures I would put in place to protect the personal data are the following: Install a fire wall, anti spy ware and virus checking on all computers, this is a very common security implication, this would protect my computers from viruses which have the potential to download information from my computers to theirs. Anti spyware provides a monitoring service which stops programs being installed that can read passwords, bank details and other sensitive data. Protect computer files with passwords: Protecting files with passwords is a good way of keeping data restricted; I would ensure that only a few members of staff have the password and that it is changed on a regular basis. Disposing of computers; All old computers should be destroyed correctly, by using a recognized computer disposal service or by destroying the hard disk. Any old computers despite deleting the data, can still be accessed. Email information securely: Consider whether the email should be password protected. Learning activity six Look at the information provided under the link above, then tackle the following: What are the two ways that public authorities are obliged to provide information? What is the public interest test? What is a vexatious request? Try to interpret your answers using your own words Public authorities are obliged to publish information about their activities, as well as members of the public are entitled to request information from them. Public authorities must publish information proactively; The freedom of Information act requires every public authority to have a publication scheme. A publication scheme is a commitment by the council to make information available routinely, without waiting for someone specifically to request it. The publication scheme must state a promise to make certain levels of information routinely available such as who you are and what you do, the services you offer, organizational structure, policies and procedures, Contracts and reports, minutes of meetings, annual requests and financial information. Once the publication has been created it must first be approved by The Information Commissions Office ICO. Information in the publication scheme represents the minimum that must be shown, if a member of the public wants information that is not on this, they can still ask for it. Members of the publican request information from public authority and they have two separate ways in which they can respond: 1: Tell the applicant whether you hold any information that matches the criteria of what they have requested. 2: to provide them with the requested information Usually the request should be responded to within 20 working days. When receiving a request it must be in the form of a letter of email to be valid under The Freedom Of Information Act, the request must include their name, address and a description of the information requested, the act covered information not specific documents. The public interest test is a guidance document provided by The Information Commissioners Office,he has produced this series of good practice guidance designed to aid understanding and application of the FOIA The aim is to show some of the key areas of the freedom of information act and to help guide on how to respond to information requests. The guidance provided by the ICO is only a starting point going from research I found: section 1 of FOIA sets out the right to any person making a request for information to a public authority these are: The right to be informed Whether the information is held or not by the authority and if so then The right to have that information communicated to them. In principle it states that both these rights need to be treated separately. When applying the public interest test, consideration should be given first to whether it is right to confirm or deny whether the information is held and secondly whether the information should be supplied. To decide whether a request is vexatious you would need to look at the following: Can the request be seen as obsessive Is the request harassing the authority or causing distress to staff Would complying with the request impose significant burden in terms of expense and distraction ( with regards to employees) Is the request designed to cause disruption or annoyance Does the request lack any serious purpose or value You should be able to decipher whether the request is vexatious by looking at  these headings. Learning activity seven There are many methods of keeping records or information, some of which are computerized. Identify three types of records or information that relate to an area of business and inform decision making in that area. For each of the three types: Describe how the information/record is stored How reason for storing the information/record in this way How the storage method meets the requirements of the DPA Keeping records of employees sickness and absence, we keep his electronically on the system in a password secured file. Each person has there own line on a spread sheet and each day they are off that date will be marked in red, with a comment attached to it stating why the person was off sick. Any sick notes will be scanned in to the system and stored within that persons file. We ensure that this file is secure at all time and only management have access to it. Reasons for this is that we want to ensure other employees cant see other peoples absence and reasons for being off sick as that is private and confidential. The DPA states the following: obtained only for one or more specified and lawful purposes adequate, relevant and not excessive to the purpose for which the data are required accurate and, where necessary, kept up-to-date kept secure against unlawful or unauthorised processing, or accidental loss or erasure This is compliant with the Data protection act as we have only managers who have access to the file. We must keep this information as up to date as possible as absence and sickness in the work place can highlight problem areas that need to be looked at and resolved. Keeping CV’s These are all stored in a file on the main system, these can be accessed by the nominated filter processors who are usally a member of the team which the vacancy is for, and the manager of that dept. This is so  they can access them when needed. CV’s are usually kept for a year and then disposed of. This is compliant with the DPA’s standards as we don’t keep information longer than we need to as well as having only a select few people who are able to access the information. Training certificate records – All certificates are kept in our personnel files, however our training dept at head office also holds a copy as when the training is carried out a copy of the cert is sent to them also. This information is recorded on our training matrix and updated accordingly. We store the certificates in this way so that we can see who requires training and when. Also if anything happens on site and our health and safety officer needs to see what training they have in place we can have it available as soon as possible for him. Our storage methods meet the requirements of the DPA by keeping the information secure, all our employees have access to their records when required. We do advise that when we receive a certificate that they come in for a copy to put in their own records at home. Learning activity eight Take one example from the context of your organisation where information has been sourced, collected, analysed and then interpreted to inform decision making. For this example: State why the information was needed (how was it intended to support decision making?) How was it sourced? What method of data gathering was used and why? Show an output from the analysis of the data (example: pie chart, bar chart) Sickness and Absence – The information is gathered from employees time sheets which are handed in weekly to the office manager the time sheet consists of a basic table on an A4 piece of paper that requires the employees to input their hours. This will then be handed in and inputted manually. This can then be printed off and used. Sickness and absence information is required once a month at the operations meetings, the operations manager will go through with the contracts manager as to why someone was off for a period of time whether it was due to sickness, was a doctors note provided or whether it is a reoccurring unauthorized absence. If it is an re occurring unauthorized absence; this will be highlighted with our HR Department at head office. Once this happens our HR representative Jo Betts will arrange an interview with the person to get to the bottom of why they are having this time off and whether an improvement program can be put in place. Usually they will be issued with a warning and put on an attendance watch if they cannot give a valid reason as to why they aren’t coming in to work. This bar chart is in my Evidence folder 02.07 document Learning activity nine Look at the example above – and considering the broad principles of a dashboard – describe how you might create a dashboard (or describe an existing dashboard What areas of information would/does it contain? From where would you source the data to populate the dashboard? Who would use the dashboard and why? I would create a dashboard based on training record information; it would show what percentage of employees had valid training records and what percentage have them but they are out of date.. I would also have an accident chart, we have a few accidents a month relating from hitting underground BT cables and water pipes, as well as employees having accidents from climbing electric poles. Due to the fact most of our accidents are fairly similar, I would be able to group them easily by title. We provide training courses for all of these incidents such as â€Å"pole top rescue† and â€Å"Safe digging practices†, so where an employee may not have a valid training record for this, and that employee was involved in the accident this would be a good way of highlighting why the accident happened in the first place and that he should not be carrying out that particular job without undergoing training. I would source the training data from the Training Matrix file system. This  information is kept up to date at all times and is readily available to me when I need it. The accident data is kept with our Health and Safety manager, I would request the information from him. The dashboard would be a great tool to take to Operations meetings where our health and safety manager goes over the level of accidents and training carried out for that month. He can then compare using a bar chart whether there are a higher percentage of valid training records for that month in comparison to others. Learning activity ten Read the information contained under the link above, then tackle the following: A Balanced Scorecard approach generally has four perspectives – what are they? What are the potential benefits of using a balanced scorecard? Why is feedback essential? A balanced score card is defined as â€Å" a strategic planning and management system used to align business activities to the vision statement of an organization† in more simple and realistic terms a balance score card attempts to translate the sometimes vague, hopes of a companies mission statement in to the practicalities od managing the business better at every level. To produce your own balance score card you must know and understand: The companies mission statement The companies strategic plan/vision The financial status or the company How the organization is currently structured and operating The level of expertise of their employees Customer satisfaction level. The four perspectives that the Balanced score card generally has are that of: Finance – in which covers the following areas: Return on investment Cash flow Return on capital employed Financial results Quarterly/Yearly Internal Business processes – which covers the following areas: Number of activities per year Function Duplicate activities across functions Process alignment (is the process in the right dept.)(When the organizations business processes, quality definitions and measures are aligned to the strategy) Process bottlenecks Process automation (A general technology term that is used to describe any process being automated through the use of computers and computer software. Processes that have been automated require less human intervention and less human time to deliver) Learning and Growth – which covers the following areas: Is there the correct level of expertise for the job Employee turnover Job Satisfacti0on Training/Learning opportunities Customer – Which covers the following areas: Delivery performance to customer Quality performance for customer Customer satisfaction rate Customer percentage of market Customer retention rate. The benefits of using a balanced score card are that it enables you to see a mixture of financial and non financial measures each compared to a target value within a single concise ( expressing alot of detail in a few words†¦) report. Once the Balanced score card is implemented within the organization you should see improved processes. Motivated educated employees Enhances information systems Monitored progress Greater customer satisfaction Increased financial usage. However for any software to work effectively it should be: Compliant with your current technology platform Always accessible to everyone – Everywhere Easy to understand/update/communicate The balanced score card is only of good use when available to everyone, not by keeping it hidden. Feedback is essential and should be contributed to by everyone within the business Carol do I need to go on to discuss the 360 degree feedback here?